Sex of former hair of cent of cancer of the liver and afterwards hair sex two kinds, former, source also, namely the place of cancer happening, cancer by liver ministry most happen first, call former hair sexual liver cancer; Be transferred to liver by the other place of the body and become, call afterwards to send sexual liver cancer. The cent of cancer of the liver on pathology: Infiltration: Show pseudopodium appearance to grow to the part that be not cancer or grow with sex of bogus flocculus displacement, easy form bolt of portal vein tumour; Expand model: Have coating, show extrusion pattern to the place that be not cancer expansile grow, have inside tumor tubercle next door, departmental organization consistent; Mix model: By expand model to infiltration change or both coexist. Histology cent is liver cell model: See more, occupy 80% ～ 90% about; Bile duct cell: Scarcer, progress is slow, course of diseases is longer, prognosis is better; Mix model: Scarcer. Change a way: With the blood inside liver travel move occurs the the earliest, commonnest, encroach portal vein to form tumour bolt, tumour bolt falls off to cause mess of the much move that send a gender inside liver, blood is carried more outside liver path, lymphatic path and cultivate move, with lung move is led highest, wait for move for the lymph node on bone, head, kidney, clavicle next. If suspect liver cancer, can make the following inspection:

(one)BloodBiochemical examination 1, Liver functionExamination: Patient of cancer of the liver should make liver function inspection, most and normal, liver function injury can appear when companion has liver cirrhosis, transaminase of third of cereal of halfway patient serum is tall, cancer of the liver causes liver function to damage see only at terminal patient. 2, examination of tumor mark content (1)Armour embryo albumen(AFP) : It is the content of particularity tumour mark that diagnoses the former liver cancer that send a gender, have establish to diagnose, inchoate diagnose, differentiate diagnostic action. At present law of commonly used law of enzymatic mark law, enzymatic mark electrophoresis, radiative immunity detects. Special application is in inchoate inferior the diagnosis of clinical liver cancer is seasonable the surviving rate that the operation can raise a patient greatly. To operation of cancer of the liver, change cure, combine traditional Chinese and Western medicine cure, put the curative effect such as cure and prognostic judgement, trends to determine albumen of serum armour embryo has its fundamental clinical value. (2)Serum ironAlbumen(SF) : It is the content of the 2nd serological mark of the former liver cancer that send a gender, the chroma of serum iron albumen and the degree that liver cell injures, liver cirrhosis exists, the lay aside quantity of hepatic iron and liver lump size are concerned. Albumen of iron of document report serum diagnoses positive of the former liver cancer that send a gender to lead 50.8% ～ 88% , if armour embryo albumen and combination of serum iron albumen determine, an any positive serve as rate of diagnostic index positive to amount to 92.1% , determine in albumen of iron of the serum when low density of armour embryo albumen and negative especially quite significant, albumen of reason serum iron and armour embryo albumen apply integratedly what will carry highland to send sexual liver cancer further is inchoate diagnostic rate. 3, serum determines (1) , Alkalescent phosphoric acid is enzymatic: Serum of patient of cancer of the liver is alkalescent phosphoric acid is enzymatic much heighten, masculine gender leads 65% , when exceeding unit of golden • A, do not have icteric appear, or have raise of ground of enzymatic disproportionate of obstruction sex is icteric and alkalescent phosphoric acid, the likelihood of clew liver cancer. (2) , One cereal of R ammoniac acyl turns peptide is enzymatic(GT) of R –: Rate of positive of patient of cancer of the liver is 84.2% ～ 91.2% , this enzymatic heighten basically may come from tumor itself. (3) , Be versed in together enzymatic: Determine enzymaticly with labour lactic acid takes off ammonia enzymatic (LDH) be versed in together enzymatic determine, send heighten of vigor of the LDH5 when sexual liver cancer formerly.

(2) video learn to check 1, ultrasonic examination It is the main measure that diagnoses the former liver cancer that send a gender, b exceeds use supersonic fault to show picture, the expression on acoustic image graph is all round the cancerous tumor solid sex that has apparent reflex spot, smooth group, smooth area is dark area. Ultrasonic diagnoses an operation handy, without traumatic, resolution taller, have fair value to sending the diagnosis of sexual liver cancer and fixed position formerly. And because its price is low, diagnose fast, make it becomes the first selection means that checks cancer of the liver at present, defect is to be less than a centimeter focus of a disease to differentiate hard, diagnostic accuracy rate can amount to 90% above. Duopule checks color to send sexual liver cancer formerly, because movement of blood of cancer of the liver is substantial, show arterial blood stream extremely easily on bump interior or brim. Circumjacent blood stream can show pattern of chromatic a basket of flowers, see arterial development arrive sometimes tumor is in-house, farther branch. 2, CT examination CT examination defends oneself rate is high, can discover lesser tumour, have economic value to the diagnosis of cancer of the liver. Defect is the price costly. CT is to use X line to undertake scanning to human body, obtain information, rebuild via what the computer is handled and obtain image. Expression of CT liver cancer and general pathology pattern are consistent, smooth sweep it is low density more, minority is wait for density or jumbly density, the appearance is irregular submit globose or nodal form, border is ambiguous. Enhance scanning expression to narrow slightly for low density area, the state becomes relatively clear. Bump center place often organizes necrotic bursa to be out of shape because of tumor area of extremely low density. Bump but single shot also can be sent more. To diffusing inchoate CT discovers sexual liver cancer not easily. 3, examination of nuclear magnetic resonance: Nuclear magnetic resonance is the valuable diagnostic method with examination new liver cancer, qualitative with CT photograph hamper -- make an appointment with 95% , it is the price likewise costly. Tubercle of cancer of the liver shows T1 to add authority to resemble the low signal that go up commonly, t2 adds authority to resemble the loud signal that go up. Its feature sex is video to bulky drainage or the empty signal of the blood-vessel that offer blood appear inside focus of a disease, this signal clew has short circuit of activity arteries and veins to form. In addition, MRI is transferred to the lymph node after liver door and peritonaeum show very sensitive. At present B of average in advance exceeds an examination, discover problem reoccupy CT or nuclear magnetic resonance check appraisal.

(3) liver wears a biopsyCan exceed in B or vivid check of the puncture below isotropy fixed position, masculine gender leads 76.1% ～ 92.3% , can smoke ascites to search cancer cell additionally, divert lymph node vivid check, paunch is probed take a biopsy. Here is a bit more compensatory, the patient Chen Mou in this book, in those days vivid check of the section when the operation is probed also cannot find cancer cell, but clinical confirm he already belonged to terminal liver cancer at that time.

(the exercitation edits: Ji Guiyuan)